General Health Biomarkers

Learn about key biomarkers related to general health health

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General Health Biomarkers

Speed of aging (years/chronological years)

Metabolic
Optimal range: 0.0 - 0.6 years/chronological years

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Telomere length (Kb)

General Health
Optimal range: ≥ 10 Kb

Also known as: Telomere length measurement, TL test, Telomere analysis

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Fasting Glucose (mg/dL)

Metabolic
Optimal range: 70 - 80 mg/dL

Also known as: Fasting Blood Sugar, FBS, Fasting Plasma Glucose, Fasting Glucose Test

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Insulin (uIU/mL)

Gender specific Metabolic
Optimal range: ≥ 2.0 uIU/mL

Also known as: Insulin, Insulin test, C-peptide test, Glycemic control test, Insulin antibody test

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

RHR (bpm)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 30 - 50 bpm

Also known as: Resting Heart Rate, RHR

2 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Grip Strength (lbs)

Gender specific Muscle
Optimal range: ≥ 80 lbs

Also known as: Grip Strength Test, Hand Grip Test, Dynamometer Test, Handgrip Strength Test, HGS

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors N

Nighttime erections (times/night)

Gender specific Hormonal
Optimal range: ≥ 5 times/night

Also known as: Nocturnal penile tumescence, NPT, Nighttime erections test

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Nocturnal Penile Tumescence (NPT) Test

Muscle Volume (Liter)

Gender specific Muscle
Optimal range: ≥ 30 Liter

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

DHEA (mcg/dL)

Gender specific Hormonal
Optimal range: ≥ 400 mcg/dL

Also known as: DHEA, Dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEAS, Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

TNF (pg/mL)

Inflammatory
Optimal range: 0 - 10 pg/mL

Also known as: TNF-alpha, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha

6 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

CAC Score (Agatston units (AU))

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 0 - 100 Agatston units (AU)

Also known as: Coronary Artery Calcium Score, CAC Testing, Calcium Score, Coronary Calcium Score

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors None

S-100B (ng/L)

Neurological
Optimal range: 0 - 100 ng/L

Also known as: S-100B protein, S100B, S100B serum test

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Systolic BP (mmHg)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 90 - 120 mmHg

Also known as: SBP, Systolic Blood Pressure, systolic BP

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 60 - 80 mmHg

Also known as: DBP, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic BP

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

GFR (mL/min/1.73m²)

Kidney
Optimal range: ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73m²

Also known as: GFR, Glomerular Filtration Rate, eGFR, Estimated GFR

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Cystatin-C (mg/L)

Kidney
Optimal range: 0 - 0.7 mg/L

Also known as: Cystatin-C, Cystatin C, CyC

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Basal Temperature (°C)

Hormonal
Optimal range: 36.5 - 37.0 °C

Also known as: Basal Body Temperature, BBT

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Oral Cavity (Oral Thermometer)

Glutathione (ug/mL)

Nutritional
Optimal range: ≥ 900 ug/mL

Also known as: GSH, Reduced Glutathione

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Hematocrit (%)

Gender specific Hematology
Optimal range: 38.0 - 50.0 %

Also known as: Hct, Packed cell volume, PCV

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

Gender specific Hematology
Optimal range: 13.5 - 17.5 g/dL

Also known as: Hb, Hemoglobin A, Hgb, Total hemoglobin, Hemoglobin level

6 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) (picograms (pg))

Gender specific Hematology
Optimal range: 27.0 - 31.0 picograms (pg)

Also known as: MCH, Mean Cell Hemoglobin

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) (g/dL)

Gender specific Hematology
Optimal range: 32.0 - 36.0 g/dL

Also known as: MCHC, Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) (fL)

Gender specific Hematology
Optimal range: 80.0 - 100.0 fL

Also known as: Mean Cell Volume, MCV

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Red Blood Cell (RBC) Count (x10^6/µL)

Gender specific Hematology
Optimal range: 4.7 - 6.1 x10^6/µL

Also known as: RBC Count, Erythrocyte Count, Red Blood Cell Mass

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) (%)

Hematology
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: RDW, Red Cell Distribution Width, RDW-SD, RDW-CV

2 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

White Blood Cell Count (cells/microliter)

Gender specific Hematology
Optimal range: 4000.0 - 11000.0 cells/microliter

Also known as: WBC, White cell count, Leukocyte count

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 80.0 - 160.0 mg/dL

Also known as: TC, Total Chol, Cholesterol, Cholesterol, Total

7 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 60.0 - 100.0 mg/dL

Also known as: HDL, High-Density Lipoprotein, HDL-C, HDL cholesterol

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

LDL Pattern (A or B)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: LDL pattern, Low-Density Lipoprotein pattern, LDL subclass analysis

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

LDL Peak Size (nm)

Gender specific Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 20.5 - 22.0 nm

Also known as: LDL-P, Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Size, LDL Particle Size

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

LDL Small (nmol/L)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: LDL, Low-Density Lipoprotein, LDL-C, LDL Cholesterol

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Alanine Transaminase (ALT) (U/L)

Gender specific Liver
Optimal range: 7.0 - 35.0 U/L

Also known as: SGPT, Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Albumin (g/dL)

Gender specific Liver
Optimal range: 3.5 - 5.0 g/dL

Also known as: Alb, Serum Albumin, Albumin Test

6 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) (mg/dL)

Gender specific Kidney
Optimal range: 7.0 - 20.0 mg/dL

Also known as: BUN, Blood Urea Nitrogen

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

BUN / Creatinine Ratio (ratio)

Gender specific Kidney
Optimal range: 10.0 - 20.0 ratio

Also known as: BUN/Cr Ratio, Blood Urea Nitrogen to Creatinine Ratio, Urea/Creatinine Ratio

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) (mL/min/1.73m²)

Kidney
Optimal range: ≥ 100 mL/min/1.73m²

Also known as: eGFR, Estimated GFR, eGFR test

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Glucose (mg/dL)

Metabolic
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: Glucose, Blood sugar, Fasting blood sugar, Random blood sugar

7 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Total Bilirubin (mg/dL)

Gender specific Liver
Optimal range: 0.1 - 1.2 mg/dL

Also known as: Total Bili, Bilirubin Total, T bili

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Total Protein (g/dL)

Gender specific Nutritional
Optimal range: 6.0 - 8.3 g/dL

Also known as: TP, Total Protein Test, Total Serum Protein

6 testing methods 5 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (%)

Metabolic
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: HbA1c, Glycated hemoglobin, A1C test

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Zinc (µg/dL)

Gender specific Nutritional
Optimal range: 70.0 - 120.0 µg/dL

Also known as: Zinc test, Serum zinc, Plasma zinc

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Folate serum (ng/mL)

Gender specific Nutritional
Optimal range: 10.0 - 20.0 ng/mL

Also known as: Folate, Vitamin B9, Folic Acid, Serum Folate, RBC Folate

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) (µg/dL)

Gender specific Hematology
Optimal range: 240.0 - 450.0 µg/dL

Also known as: Total Iron Binding Capacity, TIBC

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

ABO Group and Rhesus (Rh) Factor (category)

Hematology
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: ABO typing, Blood type test, Rh typing, Rh Factor test, Blood group test

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Lipase (U/L)

Gender specific Metabolic
Optimal range: 13.0 - 60.0 U/L

Also known as: Lipasemia, LIP, Lipase Test

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Albumin/Creatinine Ratio - Urine (mg/g)

Kidney
Optimal range: 0.0 - 30.0 mg/g

Also known as: ACR, Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, Urine ACR, Albumin/Creatinine Ratio

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Spot Urine

PSA Total (ng/mL)

General Health
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: Total PSA, Prostate-specific antigen, PSA test

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Serum
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