About Estradiol (E2) (male)
Estradiol (E2) is the predominant form of estrogen found in males and is crucial for the regulation of the reproductive and sexual function, supporting bone health, and other physiological processes. In males, estradiol is mainly derived from the aromatization of testosterone in peripheral tissues.
Reference Values
Optimal Range
10.0 - 30.0 pg/mL
Elite Value
Not specified
Health Implications
High
Elevated levels may indicate the presence of conditions such as liver disease, hyperthyroidism, or certain types of cancers including adrenal or testicular cancer.
Low
Low levels may be associated with issues such as hypogonadism or contribute to bone density loss, increasing the risk of osteoporosis.
Symptoms
High
May include fatigue, headaches, breast tissue development, and emotional changes.
Low
Can include dizziness, weakness, dry skin, and decreased libido.
Lifestyle Factors
Specimen Type
Testing Methods
Also Known As
Scientific Sources
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- Rochira, V., & Carani, C. (2017). Aromatase deficiency in men: A clinical perspective. *Nature Reviews Endocrinology*, 13(2), 99–110.
- Snyder, P. J., Bhasin, S., Cunningham, G. R., Matsumoto, A. M., Stephens-Shields, A. J., Cauley, J. A., Gill, T. M., Barrett-Connor, E., Swerdloff, R. S., Wang, C., Ensrud, K. E., Lewis, C. E., Farrar, J. T., Cella, D., Hou, X., Hou, X., Snyder, P. J., Bhasin, S., … Ellenberg, S. S. (2016). Effects of testosterone treatment in older men. *The New England Journal of Medicine*, 374(7), 611–624.
- Bhasin, S., Brito, J. P., Cunningham, G. R., Hayes, F. J., Hodis, H. N., Matsumoto, A. M., Snyder, P. J., Swerdloff, R. S., Wu, F. C., Yialamas, M. A., & Molitch, M. E. (2018). Testosterone therapy in men with hypogonadism: An Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. *The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism*, 103(5), 1715–1744.
- Swerdloff, R. S., & Anawalt, B. D. (2019). Clinical features and diagnosis of male hypogonadism. In A. H. UpToDate (Ed.), *UpToDate*.