About Lipoprotein (a)
Lipoprotein (a), or Lp(a), is a lipoprotein subclass and is structurally similar to Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), with an additional protein called apolipoprotein(a) attached to it. Lp(a) is primarily synthesized in the liver and is associated with atherogenic properties, contributing to cardiovascular risk due to its pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic effects.
Reference Values
Optimal Range
Not specified
Elite Value
1.0 nmol/L
Health Implications
High
Elevated levels may indicate an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes due to the contribution of Lipoprotein(a) to plaque buildup in arterial walls.
Low
Low levels may be associated with a potentially reduced risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, although they are often considered less clinically significant compared to elevated levels.
Symptoms
High
May include chest pain, shortness of breath, and artery blockages leading to potential heart complications.
Low
Can include dizziness, fatigue, and increased risk of skeletal muscle weakness.
Lifestyle Factors
Specimen Type
Testing Methods
Also Known As
Scientific Sources
- Ridker, P. M., et al. (2024). "Blood tests allow 30-year estimates of women's cardio risks, new study says." The New England Journal of Medicine.
- Tsimikas, S., et al. (2023). "Lipoprotein(a): Recent Advances and Future Directions." Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
- Wilson, D. P., et al. (2022). "Clinical Guidelines on Lipoprotein(a) Management." Circulation.
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2021). "Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Risk."
- European Society of Cardiology. (2020). "ESC Guidelines on the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases."