Cardiovascular Biomarkers

Learn about key biomarkers related to cardiovascular health

Biomarkers > Categories > Cardiovascular

Cardiovascular Biomarkers

Sleep (%)

Neurological
Optimal range: 90 - 100 %

Also known as: PSG, Polysomnography, Sleep study

6 testing methods 8 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Telomere length (Kb)

General Health
Optimal range: ≥ 10 Kb

Also known as: Telomere length measurement, TL test, Telomere analysis

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Uric Acid (mg/dL)

Gender specific Metabolic
Optimal range: ≥ 3.5 mg/dL

Also known as: Uric Acid, UA, Serum Uric Acid, Uric Acid Test

4 testing methods 7 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

VO2 max (mL/(kg-min))

Gender specific Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 50.0 - 90.0 mL/(kg-min)

Also known as: VO2 max, maximal oxygen uptake, max aerobic capacity, aerobic capacity test, oxygen consumption test

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

RHR (bpm)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 30 - 50 bpm

Also known as: Resting Heart Rate, RHR

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

SmO2 (% time<10%) (%)

Muscle
Optimal range: 0 - 10 %

3 testing methods 5 lifestyle factors Blood Oxygen Saturation is typically derived from capillary

Fat (optimal) (L visceral)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: ≥ 0.0 L visceral

Also known as: LDL, Low-Density Lipoprotein, HDL, High-Density Lipoprotein, Triglycerides, Total Cholesterol

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

CAC Score (Agatston units (AU))

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 0 - 100 Agatston units (AU)

Also known as: Coronary Artery Calcium Score, CAC Testing, Calcium Score, Coronary Calcium Score

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors None

hsCRP (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 0 - 1 mg/dL

Also known as: hsCRP, High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, High-sensitivity CRP

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Apo-A1 (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: ≥ 150 mg/dL

Also known as: Apolipoprotein A1, ApoA1

6 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

Gender specific Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 0 - 50 mg/dL

Also known as: TG, Triglyceride test, Serum triglycerides

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

oxLDL (ng/mL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 0.0 - 20.0 ng/mL

Also known as: oxLDL, oxidized LDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Systolic BP (mmHg)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 90 - 120 mmHg

Also known as: SBP, Systolic Blood Pressure, systolic BP

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 60 - 80 mmHg

Also known as: DBP, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic BP

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

BNP (pg/mL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 0 - 100 pg/mL

Also known as: BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide, N-terminal proBNP, NT-proBNP

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

GGT (U/L)

Liver
Optimal range: 0 - 10 U/L

Also known as: GGT, Gamma GT, Gamma-glutamyl transferase

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Omega3 Index (% (EPA+DHA))

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 8.0 - 14.0 % (EPA+DHA)

Also known as: Omega-3 Index, Omega-3 Fatty Acids Test, Omega-3 Blood Test

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Hematocrit (%)

Gender specific Hematology
Optimal range: 38.0 - 50.0 %

Also known as: Hct, Packed cell volume, PCV

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

Gender specific Hematology
Optimal range: 13.5 - 17.5 g/dL

Also known as: Hb, Hemoglobin A, Hgb, Total hemoglobin, Hemoglobin level

6 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) (fL)

Gender specific Hematology
Optimal range: 7.5 - 10.5 fL

Also known as: MPV, Mean Platelet Volume

4 testing methods 1 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 80.0 - 160.0 mg/dL

Also known as: TC, Total Chol, Cholesterol, Cholesterol, Total

7 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

LDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 10.0 - 70.0 mg/dL

Also known as: LDL, Low-Density Lipoprotein, LDL-C

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 60.0 - 100.0 mg/dL

Also known as: HDL, High-Density Lipoprotein, HDL-C, HDL cholesterol

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

HDL Large (mg/dL)

Gender specific Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 20.0 - 30.0 mg/dL

Also known as: HDL, High-Density Lipoprotein, HDL Cholesterol

3 testing methods 8 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

LDL Medium (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: LDL cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein, LDL-C

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

LDL Particle Number (nmol/L)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: LDL-P, LDL Particle Number, Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Number

6 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

LDL Pattern (A or B)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: LDL pattern, Low-Density Lipoprotein pattern, LDL subclass analysis

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

LDL Peak Size (nm)

Gender specific Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 20.5 - 22.0 nm

Also known as: LDL-P, Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Size, LDL Particle Size

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

LDL Small (nmol/L)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: LDL, Low-Density Lipoprotein, LDL-C, LDL Cholesterol

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Lipoprotein Fractionation (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: Lipoprotein profile, Lipid panel, LDL subfraction analysis, HDL subfraction analysis

7 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Non-HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 0.0 - 80.0 mg/dL

Also known as: Non-HDL-C, Non-HDL Cholesterol

3 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Total Lipids (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 300.0 - 600.0 mg/dL

Also known as: Total Lipids, Lipid Panel, Lipid Profile

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Glucose (mg/dL)

Metabolic
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: Glucose, Blood sugar, Fasting blood sugar, Random blood sugar

7 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Potassium (mmol/L)

Gender specific Electrolytes
Optimal range: 3.5 - 5.0 mmol/L

Also known as: K, Serum potassium, Potassium test

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Sodium (mmol/L)

Gender specific Electrolytes
Optimal range: 135.0 - 145.0 mmol/L

Also known as: Na, Sodium level, Serum sodium

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) (mg/dL)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 40.0 - 80.0 mg/dL

Also known as: Apo B, Apolipoprotein B, Apolipoprotein B-100, Atherogenic protein

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) (mg/L)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: hs-CRP, High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, CRP test

6 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Homocysteine (µmol/L)

Gender specific Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 5.0 - 15.0 µmol/L

Also known as: Homocysteine, Hcy

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Lipoprotein (a) (nmol/L)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: Lipoprotein(a), Lp(a), LpA

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Omega 3: EPA+DPA+DHA (percent of total fatty acids)

Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 8.0 - 14.0 percent of total fatty acids

Also known as: Omega-3 fatty acids, Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), Dihomogamma-linolenic acid (DPA)

5 testing methods 5 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Omega 3 Total (mg/dL)

Gender specific Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 20.0 - 8.0 mg/dL

Also known as: Omega-3 Index, Omega-3 Fatty Acid Profile, O3FA test

4 testing methods 5 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Omega 6: Arachidonic Acid (µg/mL)

Gender specific Inflammatory
Optimal range: 30.0 - 70.0 µg/mL

Also known as: AA, Arachidonic acid, Omega-6 fatty acid

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Serum

Arachidonic Acid/EPA Ratio (ratio)

Gender specific Inflammatory
Optimal range: 1.5 - 3.0 ratio

Also known as: AA/EPA Ratio, Arachidonic Acid to Eicosapentaenoic Acid Ratio

5 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Omega 6/Omega 3 Ratio (ratio)

Gender specific Cardiovascular
Optimal range: 1.0 - 4.0 ratio

Also known as: Omega-6 to Omega-3 ratio, Omega-6/Omega-3 fatty acid ratio, O6/O3 ratio, Omega-3 index

3 testing methods 8 lifestyle factors Blood Plasma

Lead (µg/dL)

Neurological
Optimal range: Not specified

Also known as: Lead, Pb, Blood Lead Level, Lead Test

4 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Whole Blood

Albumin (Microalbumin) - Urine (mg/L)

Gender specific Kidney
Optimal range: 0.0 - 30.0 mg/L

Also known as: Urinary Albumin, Microalbuminuria, UACR, Urine Microalbumin, Creatinine-adjusted Microalbumin

10 testing methods 6 lifestyle factors Urine
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