About Sleep
Sleep is a critical biological process that supports health through physical and mental recovery, cognitive function, and cellular repair. Sleep quality and efficiency are measured by examining the duration and efficiency of different sleep stages, which include rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep. Poor sleep quality is associated with a range of health issues, including metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and impaired cognitive function.
Reference Values
Optimal Range
90 - 100 %
Elite Value
100 %
Health Implications
High
Elevated levels may indicate excessive sleepiness, leading to potential cognitive decline, increased risk of obesity, or mental health disorders over time.
Low
Low levels may be associated with impaired alertness, mood disturbances, weakened immunity, and increased stress or anxiety contributing to chronic health issues.
Symptoms
High
May include fatigue, headaches, irritability, forgetfulness, and feeling groggy despite prolonged rest.
Low
Can include dizziness, weakness, impaired concentration, mood swings, and feeling easily overwhelmed.
Lifestyle Factors
Specimen Type
Testing Methods
Also Known As
Scientific Sources
- Samson, D. R., et al. (2025). Industrialization and Sleep: A Meta-Analysis of Sleep Patterns in Industrialized and Non-Industrialized Societies. *Proceedings of the Royal Society B*.
- Hirshkowitz, M., et al. (2015). National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary. *Sleep Health*, 1(1), 40-43.
- Watson, N. F., et al. (2015). Delaying middle school and high school start times is a key factor in reducing adolescent sleep deprivation. *Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine*, 11(10), 1215-1217.
- Paruthi, S., et al. (2016). Consensus statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine on the recommended amount of sleep for healthy children: Methodology and discussion. *Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine*, 12(11), 1549-1561.
- Ramar, K., et al. (2021). Clinical practice guideline for the treatment of adult obstructive sleep apnea with positive airway pressure: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine clinical practice guideline. *Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine*, 17(5), 1103-1107.